Grave's disease results from an increase in the production of which hormone?

Grave's disease is an autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the thyroid gland, leading to an overproduction of thyroid hormones. Thyroxine, specifically, is one of the main hormones produced by the thyroid gland and plays a key role in regulating metabolism and energy levels in the body. In Grave's disease, the immune system produces antibodies that stimulate the thyroid gland to produce excess thyroxine, leading to symptoms such as weight loss, increased heart rate, and anxiety. This condition exemplifies the relationship between the thyroid function and hormonal regulation, making thyroxine the hormone that is notably elevated in this disease.

In contrast, insulin is related to blood sugar regulation, cortisol is a stress hormone produced by the adrenal glands, and testosterone is involved in the development of male characteristics and reproductive functions, none of which are directly linked to the pathological processes of Grave's disease.