How does an MRI machine generate pictures?

An MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) machine generates pictures using powerful magnets. This imaging technology relies on the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance to produce detailed images of organs and tissues inside the body. The machine creates a strong magnetic field that causes protons in the body's hydrogen atoms to align with that field. When radiofrequency pulses are applied, these protons are knocked out of alignment. As they return to their original position, they emit signals that are detected by the machine and converted into images.

The use of magnets is particularly advantageous because it does not involve ionizing radiation, such as that used in X-rays or CT scans, making MRI a safer option for many patients. Other imaging techniques, such as thermal imaging or ultrasound (which uses sound waves), do not provide the same level of detailed anatomical views that MRI does, particularly for soft tissues. This makes the choice of powerful magnets fundamental to the functionality and effectiveness of MRI technology in medical imaging.