In which scenario should you refer a patient to emergency medical services?

Referring a patient to emergency medical services in the case of a serious telephone emergency is appropriate because such situations often involve urgent medical conditions that require immediate attention. This includes scenarios where a patient may be experiencing severe symptoms such as chest pain, difficulty breathing, or signs of a stroke. Emergency medical services can provide the necessary care and transportation to a healthcare facility that is equipped to handle critical situations.

In contrast, the other choices involve routine interactions that do not necessitate urgent medical attention. Requesting a prescription refill, inquiring about test results, and scheduling a routine appointment all fall under standard administrative or follow-up processes that can be addressed without the need for emergency services. These scenarios typically do not indicate an immediate health threat and can be managed through regular channels within a healthcare setting.