The space between a neuron dendrite and the next neuron axon is called which of the following?

The space between a neuron dendrite and the next neuron axon is referred to as a synapse. A synapse is the junction where communication occurs between two neurons, allowing the transmission of signals via neurotransmitters. When an electrical signal reaches the end of an axon (axon terminal), it prompts the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft, which is the actual space between the neurons. These neurotransmitters then bind to receptors on the dendrite of the next neuron, facilitating the continuation of the nerve impulse.

Understanding synapses is crucial for grasping how neurons communicate and how signals are transmitted throughout the nervous system, playing a key role in functions such as reflexes, sensory perception, and memory. The other options, while related to neuronal function, represent different concepts: axon terminals are where neurotransmitters are released, neurotransmitter refers to the chemical substance itself, and membrane potential pertains to the electrical potential difference across a neuron's membrane, which is important for generating action potentials but not specific to the space between neurons.