What document demonstrates profit and expenses for a month with year-to-date information?

The income statement is the document that presents a summary of revenue, expenses, and profits for a specific period, typically one month, along with year-to-date information. It provides a detailed look at how much the organization has earned compared to what it has spent, thereby illustrating the financial performance during the defined time frame. This document is crucial for assessing the profitability of a business and is used by management, investors, and stakeholders to make informed financial decisions.

The other options serve different purposes. The balance sheet provides a snapshot of the company’s assets, liabilities, and equity at a specific moment in time, but does not detail income or expenses over a period. The cash flow statement focuses on the inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents over a period, highlighting liquidity rather than profitability. The statement of retained earnings outlines changes in equity from profits retained in the business rather than detailing income and expenses directly. Therefore, the income statement is the most appropriate choice for demonstrating profit and expenses for a month with year-to-date information.