What is the primary function of glucagon?

The primary function of glucagon is to increase blood glucose levels. Glucagon, a hormone produced by the alpha cells of the pancreas, plays a crucial role in maintaining blood sugar levels, especially during fasting or between meals.

When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is released into the bloodstream and acts mainly on the liver. It stimulates the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, a process known as glycogenolysis. Additionally, glucagon promotes gluconeogenesis, which is the production of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. By increasing the amount of glucose available in the bloodstream, glucagon ensures that the body has enough energy, especially for vital functions and physical activity.

This action is essential for maintaining homeostasis and prevents hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), making glucagon a critical hormone in glucose metabolism. Understanding this function is key to recognizing how the body regulates energy and responds to various physiological conditions.