Which bodily system is primarily affected by cystic fibrosis?

Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the respiratory system due to the buildup of thick, sticky mucus in the lungs. This mucus obstructs airflow and traps bacteria, leading to frequent infections and obstructive lung disease. Individuals with cystic fibrosis often experience chronic coughing, difficulty breathing, and decreased lung function over time. The condition primarily results from mutations in the CFTR gene, which is responsible for regulating salt and water transport across cells, impacting mucus production.

While cystic fibrosis can also have secondary effects on the digestive system—due to blockages in the pancreas that hinder digestive enzyme release—its most significant and immediate impact is seen in the lungs and respiratory tract. Therefore, recognizing the respiratory system as the primary system affected is crucial in understanding the disease's implications and management strategies.