Which HIPAA rule pertains to identifying and protecting anticipated threats to information security?

The Security Rule is the correct choice because it specifically focuses on safeguarding electronic protected health information (ePHI) and outlines the necessary administrative, physical, and technical safeguards that healthcare organizations must implement. This rule aims to protect sensitive patient information from unauthorized access and breaches by identifying potential threats and ensuring that appropriate security measures are in place.

The Security Rule is designed to address the challenges posed by the evolving landscape of information technology and cybersecurity threats. By informing healthcare entities about the importance of security risk assessments, the rule helps organizations to spot vulnerabilities and develop strategies to mitigate any potential risks to the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of ePHI. In this way, it plays a critical role in maintaining the trust between patients and healthcare providers.

In contrast, although the Privacy Rule is essential for regulating how personal health information is used and disclosed, it does not specifically cover the technical measures for protecting that information from anticipated threats. The other options, such as Safety Rule and Technology Rule, do not exist in the context of HIPAA regulations and do not pertain to the protection of information security. Thus, the focus on identifying and safeguarding against threats to information security makes the Security Rule the appropriate selection.