Which of the following is a cause of acute glomerulonephritis?

Acute glomerulonephritis is a condition characterized by inflammation of the glomeruli in the kidneys, which can affect their ability to filter blood effectively. One common trigger for this condition is an untreated throat infection, particularly infections caused by specific strains of streptococcus bacteria. When the immune system reacts to the infection, it can mistakenly attack the kidneys, leading to inflammation and the clinical symptoms associated with glomerulonephritis.

The connection between throat infections and glomerulonephritis emphasizes the importance of treating streptococcal infections promptly to prevent complications. While congenital disorders and E. coli can cause other types of kidney issues or infections, they are not commonly linked to acute glomerulonephritis in the same way. Additionally, prolonged limited activity does not directly lead to the inflammatory process seen in acute glomerulonephritis. Thus, untreated throat infections are a well-documented cause, making them the correct answer in this context.