Which term describes the abnormal increase in body fat and lack of muscle tone often seen in certain genetic conditions?

The term that accurately describes the abnormal increase in body fat and lack of muscle tone, particularly in the context of certain genetic conditions, is obesity. Obesity is characterized by an excessive amount of body fat that can result from a combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. It often leads to health complications and is defined by having a body mass index (BMI) of 30 or higher.

In the context of genetic conditions, individuals may experience an increase in body fat due to hormonal imbalances or metabolic abnormalities. This condition can result in muscular atrophy or a lack of muscle tone, which is not typical in cases of simply being overweight. Consequently, obesity encompasses both the increase in body fat and the reduced muscle tone, making it the most relevant term.

Other terms mentioned describe different aspects of body composition or health conditions. Adiposity refers to the presence of excess fat but does not inherently include the aspect of muscle tone. Cachexia is a condition characterized by weight loss, muscle atrophy, and a general state of ill health, often seen in chronic diseases rather than a simple increase in body fat. Leanness describes a state of having little body fat, which is the opposite of the condition being described.